The “Hand-and-a-half” Sword (Longsword)
A term that might induce confusion is the “hand-and-a-half” sword, which basically was given to the longsword. The term “hand-and-a-half sword” is modern (late 19th century). During the first half of the 20th century, the term “bastard sword” was used regularly to refer to this type of sword, while “long sword” or “long-sword”, if used at all, referred to the rapier (in the context of Renaissance or Early Modern fencing).
On the other hand, the term “longsword” is ambiguous, and refers to the “bastard sword” only where the late medieval to Renaissance context is implied. “Longsword” in other contexts has been used to refer to Bronze Age swords, Migration period and Viking swords as well as the early modern dueling sword.
The Longsword (also spelled long sword, long-sword; sometimes also bastard-sword) is a type of European sword characterized as having a cruciform hilt with a grip for two handed use and a straight double-edged blade of around 100–122 cm (39–48 in)[1] Current during the late medieval and Renaissance periods, approximately 1350 to 1550 (with early and late use reaching into the 13th and 17th centuries).
The blade of the longsword is straight and double edged. Over time the blades of longswords become slightly longer, thicker in cross-section, less wide, and considerably more pointed. This design change is largely attributed to the use of plate armour as an effective defense, more or less nullifying the ability of a sword cut to break through the armour system. Instead of cutting, long swords were then used more to thrust against opponents in plate armour, requiring a more acute point and a more rigid blade.
he two most basic forms of blade cross-section are lenticular and diamond. Lenticular blades are shaped like thin doubly convex lenses, providing adequate thickness for strength in the center while allowing a proper cutting edge. These normally have fullers, which are grooves or channels running down the flats of the blade originating at or slightly below the hilt. The resultant geometry lightens while conversely strengthening the blade.
A variety of hilt styles exist for longswords, with the style of pommel and quillion (crossguard) changing over time to accommodate different blade properties and to fit emerging stylistic trends.
Source: Wikipedia
Photo source: Copyright: © The Victoria and Albert Museum. All Rights Reserved
This is my preferred weapon :)
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